En muchas oficinas es más que habitual ver trabajadores usando Spotify desde el ordenador de trabajo. En otras muchas, este servicio esta capado ya que en caso de que muchos usuarios usen el servicio a la vez, puede no ser despreciable el consumo de ancho de banda que realiza esta aplicación. Como apunte decir, que aunque mucha gente no lo sepa, Spotlfy es un servicio P2P es decir, tu además de descargar sirves música que has escuchado y que esta cacheada en tu ordenador, y así, Soptify no tiene que hacer frente a todo el trafico de streaming y, por tanto, tampoco tiene que hacer frente a ese coste.
Por todo estoy y muchos mas, es probable que en muchos entornos (o incluso en tu propia casa) sea interesante disponer de un servidor de streaming propio dentro de la red local. Para eso usaremos FireFly Media Server (antes llamado mt-daapd) que hace uso del protocolo DAAP desarrollado por Apple y usado por iTunes para compartir música. El protocolo DAPP no es abierto, ya que Apple nunca lo ha liberado, pero mediante ingeniería inversa ha sido posible conocer su funcionamiento y desarrollar una implementación compatible.
Además el protocolo DAAP es soportado, aparte de por iTunes, por un gran numero de reproductores multimedia, con lo que es posible usar este servicio desde distintas plataformas:
- GNU/Linux
- Rhythmbox
- Banshee
- Exaile)
- Frostwire
- Amarok
- OS X
-
Windows
Instalar y Configurar FireFLy
Lo más cómodo y sencillo para instalar nuestro servidor de streaming es usa como sistema operativo una distribución de Unbuntu, a poder ser, que sea una Ubuntu Server. No vamos a explicar como instalar una distribución de Ubuntu Server, ya que el proceso es bastante sencillo y existe bastante material en Internet.
Lo primero que vamos a hacer es instalar SSH para que los usuarios puedan acceder a sus directorios HOME mediante SFTP con clientes como WinSCP para Windows. De esta manera cada usuario tendrá su música en el directorio /Home/Usuario.
[code lang="bash"]
apt-get install ssh
[/code]
Esta configuración tiene lo bueno de que puedes asignar una cuota de disco a cada usuario y así no haya problemas de comparición de espacio. Pero por otro lado corres el riesgo de que mucha música este duplicada, por tanto, si sois pocos o es para ti solo, puedes utilizar un único usuario (la configuración es la misma).
Ya solo nos queda instala el FireFly que a través de apt-get hay que instalarlo a través del nombre antiguo mt-daapd.
[code lang="bash"]
apt-get install mt-daapd
[/code]
Una vez finalizada la instalación ya tenemos el servicio de streaming activo y funcionando, es mas, si abrimos atunes veremos que ya nos aparece una lista vacía. Pero nos faltara cambiar la configuración para indicarle de donde leer la musica, nombre de la lista, etc.. para lo cual editaremos el archivo de configuración de mt-daapd:
[code lang="bash"]
vi /etc/mt-daapd.conf
[/code]
[code lang="bash"]
# $Id: mt-daapd.conf.templ 1660 2007-09-12 13:08:04Z rpedde $
#
# This is the mt-daapd config file.
#
# If you have problems or questions with the format of this file,
# direct your questions to rpedde@users.sourceforge.net.
#
# Questions and discussions about the format and content of this
# config file can probably be obtained by consulting the wiki:
#
# http://wiki.fireflymediaserver.org/Config_File
#
# Or by asking questions on the forums at
#
# http://forums.fireflymediaserver.org
#
#
[general]
#
# web_root (required)
#
# Location of the admin web pages.
#
# If you installed from .RPM, .deb, or tarball with --prefix=/usr, then
# this is correct.
#
# If you installed from tarball without --prefix=/usr, then the correct
# path is probably /usr/local/share/mt-daapd/admin-root.
#
web_root = /usr/share/mt-daapd/admin-root
#
# port (required)
#
# What port to listen on. It is possible to use a different
# port, but this is the default iTunes port
#
port = 3689
#
# admin_pw (required)
#
# This is the password to the administrative pages
#
admin_pw = mt-daapd
#
# db_type (required)
#
# This is what kind of backend database to store the song
# info in. Valid choices are "sqlite" and "sqlite3".
#
db_type = sqlite3
#
# db_parms
#
# This is any extra information the db needs to connect.
# in the case of sqlite and sqlite3, this is the name
# of the directory to store the database in
#
# If you installed from RPM or .deb, this path likely already
# exists. If not, then you must create it. The directory itself
# must be writable by the "runas" user.
#
db_parms = /usr/var/cache/mt-daapd
#
# mp3_dir (required)
#
# Location of the mp3 files to share. Note that because the
# files are stored in the database by inode, these must be
# in the same physical filesystem.
#
mp3_dir = /home
#
# servername (required)
#
# This is both the name of the server as advertised
# via rendezvous, and the name of the database
# exported via DAAP. Also know as "What shows up in iTunes".
#
servername = MyMusic
#
# runas (required)
#
# This is the user to drop privs to if running as
# root. If mt-daapd is not started as root, this
# configuration option is ignored. Notice that this
# must be specified whether the server is running
# as root or not.
#
# This is also ignored on Windows.
#
#runas = mt-daapd
runas = root
#
# password (optional)
#
# This is the password required to listen to MP3 files
# i.e. the password that iTunes prompts for
#
#password = mp3
#
# extensions (optional)
#
# These are the file extensions that the daap server will
# try to index and serve. By default, it only indexes and
# serves .mp3 files. It can also server .m4a and .m4p files,
# and just about any other files, really. Unfortunately, while
# it can *attempt* to serve other files (.ogg?), iTunes won't
# play them. Perhaps this would be useful on Linux with
# Rhythmbox, once it understands daap. (hurry up!)
#
# Failing that, one can use server-side conversion to transcode
# non-standard (.ogg, .flac) music to wav on the server side.
# See the ssc_* options below.
#
# To be able to index .ogg files, you'll need to have configured
# with --enable-oggvorbis. For .flac, --enable-flac, for .mpc,
# --enable-musepack.
#
extensions = .mp3,.m4a,.m4p,.ogg,.flac,.mpc
#
# ssc_codectypes (optional)
#
# List of codectypes for files that the daap server should
# perform internal format conversion and present to clients
# as WAV files. The file extensions that these codectypes correspond
# to must also be present in 'extensions'
# configuration value, or files are not probed in the first
# place.
#
# Valid codectypes:
#
# mp4a - for AAC (.aac, .mp4, .m4a, .m4p)
# mpeg - for mp3
# wav - for wav
# wma - for wma
# ogg - for ogg
# flac - for flac (.flac, .fla)
# mpc for musepack (.mpc, .mpp, .mp+)
# alac for alac (.m4a)
#
# Not needed because ffmpeg is enabled (all file types transcoded to wav.
# If this behavior is undesired, see the [plugins] section and disable it,
# or selectively disable codecs below with the never_transcode option.)
# -joshk
# ssc_codectypes = ogg,flac,alac
# never_transcode (optional)
# Comma separated list of formats to never transcode. (Nothing by default)
# never_transcode = ogg
#
# ssc_prog (optional)
#
# Program that is used in server side format conversion.
# Program must accept following command line syntax:
# ssc_prog filename offset length ...
# Parameter filename is the real name of the file that is
# to be converted and streamed, offset is number of bytes
# that are skipped from the beginning of the _output_ file
# before streaming is started, length is length of the song
# in seconds (or zero). All other possible arguments must
# be ignored. The resulting wav file (or the rest of
# the file after initial seek) is written to the standard
# output by the ssc_prog program. This is typically
# a script that is a front end for different conversion tools
# handling different formats.
#
# ssc_prog = /usr/bin/mt-daapd-ssc.sh
#
# logfile (optional)
#
# This is the file to log to. If this is not configured,
# then it will log to the syslog.
#
# Not that the -d switch will control the log verbosity.
# By default, it runs at log level 1. Log level 9 will churn
# out scads of useless debugging information. Values in between
# will vary the amount of logging you get. However, you must log
# to a file to see this debugging information (debug information will
# not appear in syslog.)
#
#logfile = /var/log/mt-daapd.log
#
# rescan_interval
#
# How often to check the file system to see if any mp3 files
# have been added or removed.
#
# if not specified, the default is 0, which disables background scanning.
#
# If background rescanning is disabled, a scan can still be forced from the
# "status" page of the administrative web interface
#
# Setting a rescan_interval lower than the time it takes to rescan
# won't hurt anything, it will just waste CPU, and make connect times
# to the daap server longer.
#
#
#rescan_interval = 300
# always_scan
#
# The default behavior is not not do background rescans of the
# filesystem unless there are clients connected. The thought is to
# allow the drives to spin down unless they are in use. This might be
# of more importance in IDE drives that aren't designed to be run
# 24x7. Forcing a scan through the web interface will always work
# though, even if no users are connected.
# always_scan = 0
#
# scan_type
#
#
# This sets how aggressively mp3 files should be scanned to determine
# file length. There are three values:
#
# 0 (Normal)
# Just scan the first mp3 frame to try and calculate size. This will
# be accurate for most files, but VBR files without an Xing tag will
# probably have wildly inaccurate file times. This is the default.
#
# 1 (Aggressive)
# This checks the bitrates of 10 frames in the middle of the song.
# This will still be inaccurate for VBR files without an Xing tag,
# but they probably won't be quite as inaccurate as 0. This takes
# more time, obviously, although the time hit will only happen the
# first time you scan a particular file.
#
# 2 (Painfully aggressive)
# This walks through the entire song, counting the number of frames.
# This should result in accurate song times, but will take the most
# time. Again, this will only have to be incurred the first time
# the file is indexed.
#
scan_type = 2
logfile = /var/log/mt-daapd.log
#
# compress
#
# Whether to use gzip content-encoding when transferring playlists etc.
# This was contributed as a patch by Ciamac Moallemi just prior to the 0.2.1
# release, and as such, hasn't gotten as much testing as other features.
#
# This feature should substantially speed up transfers of large databases
# and playlists.
#
# It will eventually default to 1, but currently it defaults to 0.
#
#compress = 0
[plugins]
plugin_dir = /usr/lib/mt-daapd/plugins
plugins = rsp.so,ssc-ffmpeg.so
[scanning]
# should playlists be processed at all?
#
process_playlists = 1
# should itunes xml files be processed?
#
process_itunes = 1
# should m3u files be processed?
#
process_m3u = 1
[/code]
Las partes mas importante son:
- port: el puerto en el que accederemos a la consola web (http://ipdelamaquina:3639/)
- admin_pw: la contraseña de admin (para acceder a la cosola web, user: mt-daapd)
- servername: el nombre de la lista que nos aparecera en Itunes
- mp3_dir: directorio de donde leer los mp3 u otros formatos.. En nuestro caso cada usuario alojara la música en su /home/usuario por lo que indicaremos que el directorio donde deberá buscar la música será /home
El resto de parámetros no es necesario que los toquéis para un primer servidor funcional.
Ya solo nos queda subir las canciones y acceder a la consola web para forzar el escaneo pulsando “Start Scan“. Si abrimos Itunes (si ya lo tenia abierto cierra y ábrelo o recarga la lista).

En próximas entradas os explicaré como crear listas de reproducción y os presentare un software para generar listas cómodamente que estoy terminando.